Eczema: When skin reacts to its environment

Eczema, also called dermatitis, refers to several non-contagious skin conditions. The most common is atopic dermatitis, which is triggered by contact with irritants (allergens, scented products, etc.).

Types of eczema
Here are the most common types of eczema.
 
Contact dermatitis
Contact dermatitis is a temporary reaction triggered by an allergen or irritating product.

Atopic dermatitis
It is the most prevalent form of chronic eczema and is often associated with a genetically inherited disorder.

Seborrhea
Seborrhea is eczema of the scalp. In adults, seborrhea is known as dandruff. In babies, it appears as a thick, yellowish skin rash (cradle cap).
 
Varicose eczema
Varicose eczema affects the lower legs of older adults. It is associated with poor circulation.

Symptoms
Symptoms of eczema are as follows:
  • Redness
  • Inflammation
  • Dry skin
  • Extreme itchiness.
Other skin conditions, such as psoriasis, can present similar symptoms. Do not hesitate to consult a health professional if you have any concerns on this subject.
 
Causes
There are obviously many factors that can aggravate eczema:
  • Contact with irritants (e.g. synthetic fibres, detergents, perfumes, etc.)
  • Allergens (e.g. foods, plants, animals, etc.)
  • Heat and humidity
  • Frequent hand washing
  • Stress and anxiety
  • Skin infections.
Young children are more likely to have eczema. However, 90 percent of them will outgrow their symptoms by adolescence.

Treatment
Treatment options vary according to the type of eczema you have.

Topical creams and ointments
Products containing cortisone, tar or immunomodulators, as well as moisturizing creams can be used to reduce symptoms.

Antihistamines
They can be used to reduce extreme itchiness, when the condition involves an allergic component.

Exposure to ultraviolet rays
Exposure to UV rays, especially UVBs, is thought to be beneficial. 
 
Do not hesitate to consult a health professional to learn more about the best treatment for your type of eczema.
 
Here are a few tips for people suffering from eczema:
  • Identify the irritants and allergens that trigger eczema flare-ups and try to avoid them - Manage the humidity level in your home
  • Keep skin slightly damp
  • Avoid scratching affected areas
  • Wear clothing that lets skin breathe.
Psychological and emotional factors, such as a major stressful event, family conflicts or the loss of a loved one play an important role in eczema flare-ups. People with eczema should therefore practise relaxation activities or seek professional counselling to better understand and manage their stress.

In-store health services
Do you have questions about eczema and its treatment? Ask your pharmacist. He’s there to help!

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